Method of applying terminals to the glowers of electric lamps.



No. 822,365. PATENTS!) JUNE 5, 1906. M. W. HANKS.

METHOD 0}? APPLYING TERMINALS TO THE GLOWERS 0P ELECTRIC LAMPS.

APPLIUATIUN FILEH MAILZB, 1901 WI TNESSES nn rnn'r orlnon.

GEORGE VVESTINGHOGSE, (ll? METHOD 6F APPLYlNG lfllMINALS TO THE GLUWERS 0F ELECTRlC LAMPS.

Ho. 822,365. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 5, 1906.

Application filed Marci: 23, 1901. Serial No. 55,6!9.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARSHALL W. HANKS, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsbur in the county of Allegheny vend State 017 and useful Improvement in the Method of Applying Terminals to the Glowers of Electrio Lamps, of which the following is a spool" lication.

My invention relates to electric lamps of the type in which the li ht-ernitting member or glower is o non-0on1. uc'bor when cold and becomes a conductor when heated to a reletivcly high temperature by heat from on mul side source.

The object of my invention is to provide sim Ylc and durable glowor tcrminuls and en 8881 y-praoiiccd method for attaching such terminals and suitable leading-in wires to the ends of glowcrs in such manner that the terminals shall be firmly secured in position and shall successfully resist tendency to deterioration by roe-son of the action of the current thereon when the glower is in use.

My invention is illustrated in the uccompanying ruwings, in which Figure 1 illustrates the first step in my method, and Fig. 2 the second step. Fig. 3 illustrates a lower provided with terminal beads epulieil thereto in the manner indi cated in digs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 illustrates the step of attaching a. tcrl'ninal wire to the ter- .minel bend at the end of the glower.

Fig. 5 illustrutes, partially in plan and. partizill in section, a. completed glower constructor in accordance with my invention. Fl 6 illustrates means for practicing a modified method embodying my invention, and Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate successive steps of o further modilioation.

In the manufacture of glowcre for electric lamps of the class above indicated oonsidel' able difficulty has been experienced in ee curely attachin the leading-in or terminal wires to the once of the glowers, so that the glowcrs will operate for a satisfactory length of time without deterioration or serious detoriora'tion of the terminal connections. This is particularly true with reference to lumps operated from direc t-current circuits. I have found by practical experience that the method herein sci. iorlh is productive of a terminal that is particularly well adapted for use in both alternating and direct current circuits ennsylvenie, have invented a. new

and which possesses reat mechanical strength as well as substantial immunit from deterioration through the action of eat in use.

In practicing my out the rod or string om whichthe glowers are to be made into the lengths necessarylior the desired voltage, and to each end of each blank 1 so produced I attach a smell pltisource of heat, such as an oxyhydrogen blow pipe flame 3, actin upon the end "of a. platL. num wire 4, that as been partially separated into lengths suitable for the formetlon of lobules of the size desired, as indicated.

the blank 1 it is inserted into the are 5, oi-med between two carbon pencils 6 and held there until the globule is melted and se curely fused to the end of the blank. The

to its ends, is shown in Fig. 3. The heads 2 tlien successively subjected to an oxyhydragon flame 3 until the bond is melted, when the end of the loading-in Wire Tis plun ed into the molten bead. The beads are t en presided with a coating 8 of like or similar material to that of which thebo'dy ofthe' gloxger is composed. The whole 'struolsnf is dried slowl and finally baked at a. bright clierr -red out for a. few moments.

Ot er means than those indioetedmey be employed for attaching the leading-in wires to the ends of the glowers. For exam is, instead of using the oxyhydrogen flame or attaching the lobules to the. ends of the glowerblank the b enk may be first raised to conducting tcmpereture by subjecting it.to a

as that of a. Bunsen burner 9, (indicate in Fig. 6,) while one end of the blank is held in a suitable clamping device, such as metal twee- Zers 10, which are connected to one terminal of a source 11 of electric current, the other terminal of the said source bein' connected to a, carbon block 12. If a lobu e 2 of platinum be placed upon the our on block 12am} the free end of the blank 1 be brou ht into close proximity to the carbon bloc after having been raised to conducting'tem era- Lure, an arc will be formed between sue end and the block. If the free end of the blank is then brou ht close to the platinum glob-ole, the letter wi I be melted b the arc and when melted the end of the r0 may be placed in lifter the globule is attached to the end of resulting glower 1, having the beads 2 fused suitable degree of heat such, for exam 1e,

resent method I first num globule 2 by the action of a suitable contact with it to quench the arc and fasten the globule securely in position. Either direct or alternating currents may be used in this operation; but if direct current is used it will Igjenerally be found advisable to make the car on block and the platinum globule supported thereby the positive terminal. I desire it to be understood, however, that the reverse arrangement is within the scope of my invention.

'A. more expeditious method may be pram ticed, as indicated in Figs. 7 and 8, in which the carbon block 12 is provided with a small hole 13, through which a platinum leading-in wire projects sullicientlyto provide above the upper surface enough wire 7 to form a globule of the required dimensions for the terminal. The rod 1 is now heated to con ducting temperature, as described in connection with Fig. 6, and its free end is then brought into close proximity to the projecting pllatinum wire, thus producing an arc whicmelts the platinum. When all of the projecting platinumis melted, the rod will be pressed against the molten globule and the current cut off, the result being that the platinum bead and the leading-in wire, constituting-an integral extension thereof, will be securely fastened to the end of the blank.

After each end of the glower has been treated in this manner the coating 8 may be applied by means of a brush or other suitable device or ressed thereon by suitable mechanism an the glower then dried and baked, as hereinbefore described.

Other means for practicing the method might obviously be devised; but those shown have bcenfound to be satisfactorily operative in practice and are believed to be suflieient to enable any one skilled in the art to practice my invention.

I desire it to be understood that my inven tion is not limited to the employment of any specific source. of heat in forming and applying the terminals or to specific materials except in so far as limitations may be imposed by the prior art or by the demands of practical service. I

I claim as my invention 1. The method of applying a metal terminal to an electric-lamp glowcr which consists in reducing an are between the adjacent en s of a wire and. a gh'iwcr by an electric curl rent traversing the path formed by said members until the end of the wire is fused into a molten globule and then bringing said g1 obulc and the adjacent glower end into engagement.

2. The method, of providing an electriclainp glower with terminals which consists in fusing metal globules and attached leadingin wires to the ends of the glower, coating such globules with material like or similar to that constituting the body of the glower and then drying and baking the coating.

3. An electricdamp glower com )OSOtl of one or more dry electrolytes and having metal. terminals in the form of globules or beads fused directly and externally to the extreme ends of the glower-body.

4. An electricd amp glowcr com weed of one or more dry electrolytes and having metal terminals in the form of globules or beads fused directly and externally to the ex trcme ends of tho glower-body and leading-in wires fused to said globules or heads.

5. A cylindrical glower for e ectric la'mps composed of one or more dry ele trolytes an d having metal terminals in the form of globules or beads fused directly and externally to the circular, flatends of the glower-hody.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this jlflth day of March, 1901.

MARSHAIL W. HANKS.

itnesses 11.. A. CROOKS, A. J. Won'rn. 

